Children 3-5 years old

"First knowledge"

In our classes "First knowledge - 1 and 2" we play, learn and speak Russian!

The goal is to develop correct Russian speech, the ability to hear well and understand what is said.

The form of training is playing through fairy tale images, completing assignments in workbooks.

The program is based on the original methods of leading authors of teaching aids for preschool children.

Children aged 3-5. Normal speech development is characterized by active communication with others using expanded phrases of 3-4 or more words and the use of familiar words in several grammatical forms, for example: give - give - not give, kitty - kitty - kitty, etc. The child already understands well the speech addressed to him and the content of fairy tales. For children in their third year of life, speech is the main way of learning about the world and developing thinking.

In the third year of life, a child's need for communication with adults and peers increases. The baby begins to understand simple questions, for example: Where is the cat?, Where did you put the ball? etc. Interest in surrounding objects encourages him to ask adults questions such as: What is this? Why? Where? When? etc.

The vocabulary at the end of the third year increases 3-4 times compared to the previous age. The child knows the names of many objects: toys, dishes, clothes, that is, those objects that are in his immediate environment. In the third year of life, the child begins to use verbs and adjectives more widely, denoting not only the size of objects, but also their color, shape, quality, for example: red, green, round, long, bad, good, clean, hot, sweet, etc.

By the end of the third year of life, children's speech is characterized by the appearance of complex sentences: first compound, and later - complex-subordinate. The child begins to perceive simple in content and small in volume fairy tales, can answer some questions about what he has read. "Ryaba the Hen", "Turnip", "Kolobok", "Teremok", "The Wolf and the Seven Little Goats" - these works are understandable to children, but when retelling they are only able to finish individual words or groups of words after adults. Small texts, read many times, are almost completely memorized by children by heart, but they are usually unable to construct a coherent retelling on their own, although some easily cope with such a task by the end of the third year. Despite all the achievements in speech development, children still do not pronounce many words clearly and correctly enough, so their speech as a whole is not always understood by others, for example, consonant sounds that are difficult to articulate: sh, zh, t, shch, s, z, ts, l, r - they replace with simpler ones.

4 years. Children's vocabulary is approaching 2000 words. Nouns, adjectives and verbs predominate in oral speech, but pronouns, adverbs and numerals are already often used. The use of adjectives is not only concrete, but also abstract features: cheerful, cold, brave. A 4-year-old child has a good command of speech, asks questions, sentences contain 4-6 words. For further development, the child needs:

• good vocabulary,
• development of auditory attention,
• speech practice,
• speech communication,
• the right role models,
• control over the child’s “bold” word formation: one should say “a ball, a stone”, but he comes up with “a stick, a cloud”, etc.

Our program is developed based on the methods of leading preschool teachers and includes various topics from the world around the child. The program includes more than 42 topics that make up a 2-year course of lessons in a class of 3-4 year old children.